Estradiol topical is administered via transdermal or vaginal routes, depending on the specific dosage form. For transdermal gels, sprays, or patches, apply to clean, dry, intact skin of the upper thigh, arm, or abdomen as directed, avoiding the breasts and genital area. Gels and sprays should dry completely before dressing; avoid contact with others for at least one hour. Vaginal creams, tablets, and rings are inserted into the vagina using provided applicators or fingers, typically daily for two weeks followed by twice-weekly maintenance. For all forms, use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration. Patients with hepatic impairment require cautious monitoring, and use is generally not recommended in pediatric populations. Wash hands thoroughly before and after application to prevent accidental transfer to others.

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